Effect analysis of BOPPPS model in online teaching activities of radiobiology / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of a new teaching mode, which includes bridge-in, outcome, pre-test, participation, post-test and summary (BOPPPS), on the online teaching of radiobiology related knowledge for cancer radiotherapy practitioners.Methods:Taking the cell survival curve, cell cycle and radiosensitivity as examples, the radiotherapy practitioners in multiple university-affiliated hospitals were organized to carry out a multicenter prospective randomized control study. All practitioners were randomly divided into BOPPPS group and control group. The courses for BOPPPS group were designed as an online classroom, consisting of pre-class preparation, online teaching and post-class stages. The online teaching stage included video viewing, basic knowledge learning, literature discussion, group discussion and others. The control group employed the traditional teaching mode. The χ2 test was used to compare the consistency of general conditions between the two groups, and nonparametric test was used to compare the differences in scores between two or more groups. Results:The score of the pre-class test was 58.56 ± 0.99. Post-class average score for BOPPPS group was 85.48±0.85 and for control group 77.79±1.10, with the former being higher 7.69 ( Z=5.31, P<0.001) than the latter. The average answer time was (296.62±15.40) s for BOPPPS group and (386.41±21.27) s for control group, with the former being shorter 89.79 s ( Z=3.34, P=0.001) than latter. Subgroup analysis shown that the scores of BOPPPS group were significantly rising, regardless of whether or not the students had studied radiobiology courses. Among the students who have not studied these courses, the scores were rising greatly. Moreover, From the analysis of different positions, it was found that both the scores of BOPPPS group and control group have risen, especially for doctors, deputy chief doctors, physicists and technicians. There were also statistically differences between different degrees, with significantly rise in scores for undergraduate and doctoral students ( Z=3.64, 4.18, P<0.001). Conclusions:The flexible application of BOPPPS teaching mode to the online education of such boring disciplines, like radiobiology, is of great significance to raise the theoretical basis of radiotherapy practitioners.

Synthesis and antitumor activities of 1, 2-benzothiazines［1, 3, 4］thiadiazolo［3, 2-a］［1, 3, 5］triazin derivatives / 中国药科大学学报

@#Taking plastic packaging materials as an example, this paper mainly summarizes the general principles of pharmacopoeias and guiding principles of relevant government departments related to the compatibility studies of drugs and packaging materials at home and abroad, with much reference to relevant monographs and literature. The purpose and specific methods of extraction and interaction studies are summarized and discussed. The existing problems and solutions in compatibility research are also proposed in this review to provide some refe-rence for researchers in relevant fields.

Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1, 2-benzothiazines imidazolo ［1, 2-b］［1, 3, 4］ triazazole derivatives / 中国药科大学学报

@#In this study, triazazole moiety was introduced to piroxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, via bioisosterism to produce eight target analogs, which were structurally characterized by 1H NMR and MS. These target compounds were tested for inhibitory activities on pancreatic cancer cell(Capan-1)and leukemia cell(L1210). The results showed that compound 6b had good antiproliferative activity against Capan-1 cells(IC50=3. 6±0. 5 μmol/L); while compound 6a had good antiproliferative activity against L1210 cells(IC50=1. 8±0. 2 μmol/L), indicating that the introduction of the imidazolo［1, 2-b］［1, 3, 4］triazazole moiety could be helpful to improve the antitumor activity of these compounds.

Establishment and validation of human cancer cell lines with stable Cas9 expression / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To establish human cancer cell strains with stable Cas9 expression, and to validate the gene editing activity of Cas9 for simple gene editing in future study.@*Methods@#Fifteen cancer cell lines of different tissue origins were infected with pLv-EF1α-Cas9-Flag-Neo or pLv-EF1α-Cas9-Flag-Puro by lentivirus and clone selection was employed to screen Cas9 stably expressed cancer cell lines. Afterward designed guide RNA vectors targeting TSC22 gene were transiently transfected into 3 of cell lines, and subsequently the gene editing activity of Cas9 was evaluated by genomic PCR, sequencing and Western blot.@*Results@#Sixty-nine human cancer cell strains with stable Cas9 expression from different cancers were established, and by transient transfection with designed guide RNA, long fragment deletion was detected in TSC22 gene.@*Conclusions@#Sixty-nine human cancer cell strains are successfully established with stable expression of Cas9 protein and gene editing activity. These cell strains may be employed in large-scale drug screening, screening of new drug targets and gene function investigation.

Study on association between HLA-DP gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection in minority population in Guizhou province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between HLA-DP gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in people in Buyi,Miao and Shui ethnic groups in Guizhou.Methods A total of 256 patients with HBV infection,142 HBV self-cleared patients and 135 controls were recruited from 3 ethnic groups for this case-control study.Genotypes of rs3077 and rs9277535 were determined by using real-time PCR with a TaqMan-MGB probe.Results Compared with healthy subjects and self-cleared subjects,the allele distribution of rs9277535 was significantly associated with chronic HBV infection (P＜0.05),no significant differences in rs3077 allele and genotype distributions were found among 3 groups (P＞0.05).Compared with the rs9277535 GG genotype,the AA and AG genotypes were protective factors against HBV infection in dominant model after adjustment for age and sex (OR=0.645,95％CI:0.421-0.988),and no significant difference in rs3077 locus was found in the same analysis (P＞0.05).For men,the rs3077 locus CC and CT genotypes were also protective factors against HBV infection (OR=0.493,95％CI:0.266-0.916),and there was no significant difference in rs9277535 locus compared the genotype distributions among 3 groups in dominant mode.Comparison of allele and genotype distribution in 3 ethnic groups showed that HLA-DP gene rs3077 genotype distributions had significant difference between the HBV infection group and the healthy control group in Buyi ethnic group (x2=6.726,P=0.036).Conclusions The presence of rs9277535A allele at HLA-DP gene polymorphisms might decrease the risk for HBV infection,the rs3077 C allele at HLA-DP gene polymorphisms might also confer protective effect against HBV infection in women.No significant correlation between HLA-DP gene rs3077 and rs9277535 locus polymorphism and HBV clearance was found in this study.The HLA-DP gene rs3077 genotype distribution of HBV-infected patients had significant differences among different ethnic groups.

MRI features and differential diagnosis of real and pseudo-tears of lateral meniscus at the insertion site of meniscofemoral ligament / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To analyze MRI features of real tears and pseudotears of posterior horn of the lateral meniscus (PHLM) at the insertion site of meniscofemoral ligament(MFL), and to discuss main points of differential diagnosis. Methods MR images of 32 patients with PHLM tears and 30 patients with anterior cruciate ligament tears but without PHLM tears confirmed by arthroscopy were analyzed retrospectively. Another 20 asymptomatic volunteers as controls underwent MR examination and analyzed. The number of consecutive slices displaying longitudinal increased signal in sagittal images and the length in axial images were evaluated. The one?way analysis of variance, χ2 test and ROC curve were used to analyze diagnostic value of different MRI findings. Results Longitudinal line with abnormal increased signal (pseudotear) was found in 82.0% (41/50) normal insertion site of MFLs. The typical MRI finding of real tears was peripheral longitudinal linear high signal in PHLM which reached the margin of articular surface. In sagittal images, longitudinal linear high signal was shown in (5.8 ± 1.2) slices in knees of real tears, which was more than (2.6±1.1) slices and (2.7±1.4) slices in pseudo?tear groups (F=60.9, P<0.01). The area under ROC curve was 0.96 for differentiating real tear from pseudo-tear using the number of consecutive slices displaying longitudinal increased signal in sagittal images. With a threshold of five or more consecutive images with abnormal longitudinal increased signal as the positive standard of continuous?line sign, the overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosing real tear were 90.6%(29/32), 90.2%(37/41) and 90.4%(66/73), respectively. The axial images showed that the length of increased signal line in the outer of PHLM was (16.4±4.9) mm in patients with real tears, which was longer than pseudo?tear groups with length of (8.1 ± 3.2) mm and (6.0 ± 3.1) mm (F=17.0, P<0.01). The area under ROC curve was 0.92 for differentiating real tear from pseudo?tear using the length in axial images. The zip sign was defined when its length was not less than 10 mm. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the zip sign was 84.4%(27/32), 90.2%(37/41) and 87.7%(64/73) respectively. In coronal images, high signal of MFL attachment insertion was shown in 71.9%(23/32), 60.0%(15/25) and 10/16 cases, there was no significant difference (χ2=0.98, P=0.61). Conclusion The continuous?line sign and zip sign are characteristic findings of PHLM tears at the insertion site of MFL attachment, which are valuable for differential diagnosis with pseudotears at the insertion site of MFL.

An investigation on ABO blood type distribution and gene frequency of Buyi,Shui ethnic populations in Libo county of Guizhou province / 重庆医学

Objective To understand the ABO blood type distribution of Buyi and Shui ethnic populations in Libo county of Guizhou province .Methods Totally 726 Buyi and 163 Shui individuals who were unrelated within three generations were detected ABO blood stype with glass-clotted method .Results The ABO blood type distributions in the Buyi and Shui ethnic populations both were in line with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium .The Buyi ethnic population ABO phenotypic distribution and gene frequen-cies were O>B>A>AB and r>q>p (r=0 .676 9 ,q=0 .176 7 ,P=0 .146 4) and the national index was 0 .842;while the Shui eth-nic population ABO phenotypic distribution and gene frequencies were O>A>B>AB and r>p>q(r=0 .522 6 ,q=0 .104 0 ,P=0 .164 7) and the national index was 1 .529 .Conclusion The Buyi and Shui ethnic populations′ABO blood type distribution in Libo county of Guizhou province is basically consistent with that of the same ethnic populations in other regions of Guizhou Province of the same ethnic groups .The genetic distance analysis prompts that the regional and ethnic differences exist in ABO blood type dis-tribution .

The prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmissible infectious related measures among first-time,voluntary blood donors in Xi′an from 1999 to 2013 / 重庆医学

Objective The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases is threatening the biological safety of donated blood in developing countries .This study was to analyze the prevalence of transfusion‐transmissible infectious related measures among first‐time ,voluntary blood donors from 1999 to 2013 in China .Methods From 1999 to 2013 ,all first‐time donors in the Xi′an Blood Service were screened for hepatitis B virus (HBV) ,hepatitis C virus (HCV) ,human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Trepone‐miapallidum (TP) and analyzed by trend test analysis .Results The positive rates of HBV ,HCV ,HIV ,and TP in the 415 657 blood donors were 1 .02% ,0 .55% ,0 .05% ,and 0 .46% ,respectively .The prevalence of HBV and HCV presented a decreased trend .Conclusion HBV infection is the primary threat to the blood safety ,while the increasing prevalence of TP and HIV might al‐so be a potential threat .

Clinical study of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor tractography on the evaluation of prognosis in patients with cerebral infarction / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate application of diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) on evaluating motor dysfunction degree of patients with cerebral infarction and explore the relationship between infracted focus and cortical spinal tract(CST).Methods Forty patients with cerebral infarctions in the different periods and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled our study.They all underwent DTT check and then established CST.Meantime,all the patients were measured ADL score according to activities of daily living (ADL) on admission and two months after the onset.Results DTT image was made for both in patients and health control people.The CST was built in people in control group and its shape was like the adults'.Its shape was from the precentral gyrus down to internal capsule and continued to pontine and medulla oblongata.Each successive was form good consistency.The DTT image of patients' health side was like normal and injury corticospinal tract was affected by influence of infarction area at different level,manifested as loss of discontinuity and anatomical configuration consistency.Based on the degree of CST,there were 9 cases in grade Ⅰ,20 cases in grade Ⅱ and 11 cases at grade Ⅲ.DTT image showed that the damage level of CST had an negative relation with ADL score at 2 month after therapy (r =-0.914,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion DTT can show the spatial positions of infarctions and CST at non-invasive lesion and analyze the influence of infarctions and corticospinal tract.Therefore,it can serve as the objective proof for judging the injury of the motor function and evaluating prognosis.

Morphological, cytological, and molecular characterization of hybrids and their progenies derived from the somatic hybridization of Brassica campestris and Brassica oleracea / 生物工程学报

In order to produce interspecific somatic hybrids between Brassica campestris (2n = 20, AA) and Brassica oleracea (2n = 18, CC), we isolated protoplasts from cotyledons and hypocotyls of young seedlings, and fused by 40% polyethylene glycol (PEG). Fused cells were cultured in modified K8p liquid medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L 2,4-dichorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) +0.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA)+0.1 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)+ 0.1 mg/L Kinetin (Kin), 0.3 mol/L sucrose and 0.3 mol/L glucose were used as osmoticum. At the eight-to ten-cell stage, divided cells were transferred to Kao's basal medium supplemented with 0.3 mol/L sucrose as carbon source and 0.1% agarose, 2 mg/L 6-BA+ 2 mg/L Zeatin (ZEA)+1 mg/L NAA+ 0.5 mg/L Kin for callus induction. After 35 days, when small calli reached 2-3 mm in diameter, calli were transferred to regeneration medium containing 5 mg/L Zeatin (ZEA) and 2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). After the length of the shoots reached 1-2 cm, the shoots were transferred to 1/2 MS+0.2 mg/L NAA for root induction. Morphological, cytological and molecular biological analysis methods were used for identification of somatic hybrids. The results showed that, the first cell division occurred during 2-7 days of culture. Five weeks after culture initiation, the plating efficiency attained 0.66%. Finally, the shoot regeneration frequency was 3.7%. A total of eleven regenerated plants were obtained and verified as somatic hybrids by morphological observation and flow cytometry. Cytological studies showed that all tested plants had a chromosome number of 38, the sum of both parents. Hybridity was also confirmed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis, indicating that these regenerated plants were all true hybrids of B. campestris and B. oleracea. All amphidiploid somatic hybrids showed low pollen fertility. Pollen fertility was gradually recovered in the first and second progenies.

Development of Silymarin nanocrystals lyophilized power applying nanosuspension technology / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare silymarin nanosuspension and lyophilized power for enhancing the dissilution of poorly soluble drugs.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The precipitation technique was adapted to produce the silymarin nanosuspensions respectivly applying Tween 80, SDS and Poloxamer188 as stabilizers. The lyophilized formula contained 5% mannitol as cryoprotectant. Particle size, Polydispersity index and Zeta potential were detected by Mastersizer nano ZS (Malvern England). Morphological character was observed with Transmission Electron Microscopy. The product's structure was performed with X-ray diffractometer.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The silymarin nanosuspension was successfully prepared, in which the drug particle size was about 100-300 nm,and the particles had ball-like shape and good dispersive properties.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study provided potential for the neotype dosage form development of the Chinese Traditional Medicine.</p>

Species identification of animal cells by polymerase chain reaction / 基础医学与临床

Objective To identify the species of cultured cells and to detect inter-species cross contamination by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Methods From references and NCBI database,we outsourced 32 pairs of species-specific primers targeted to genomic DNA of ten common species of cultured cells.Then we screened for optional primers with high specificity and high sensitivity.PCR amplification with these primers,the genomic DNAs isolated from the tested cell line and agarose gel electrophoresis of the PCR products were done.Mixed DNA of 10 species was used as positive-control template,and water as negative-control template.Results Ten pairs of species-specific and highly sensitive primers were selected.By PCR amplification with these primers and agarose gel electrophoresis,we may easily identify the origin of cell lines and find whether the tested cell lines are contaminated by cells of other species.Conclusion This PCR assay provides a simple,rapid,sensitive,and cost-effective method to identify cell species and detect interspecies cross-contamination.

Tuina Treatment of Infantile Eczema / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Twenty cases of infantile eczema were treated by combination of Tuina therapy and Western medications, and 18 cases were treated by Western medications. The therapeutic effective rate was respectively 100% and 90.0% in the two groups, with a difference between them (P＜ 0.01).

Establishment and evaluation on SD rats model with yang-deficiency and constipation / 中国药理学通报

Aim To establish and evaluate Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats model with yang-deficiency and constipation at the direction of traditional Chinese medicine theories. Methods Rats model with yang-deficiency and constipation were induced by orally administration of white vinegar and active carbon-ice water. Changes of model rats in common biological characteristic, the number and time of excretion stool, colonic electromyography, gastrointestinal hormones and intestinal neurotransmitters were observed. Results Compared to the control group: changes of the model group in common biological characteristic including abdominal distension, puffed and withered hair, sluggish response, falling body weight, black and dry stool; Excretion time of the first granule stool became longer; Number of excretion stool within six hours became shorter; Intestine pushing rate decreased, and secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and intestinal neurotransmitters disordered, etc. After being treated with Tongbianling, the syndrome and indexes of model rats markedly improved. After 6 days′ resume, the model group in the experiment of excreting stool had markedly signification in comparison with the control group. Conclusion SD rats model with yang-deficiency and constipation could be stably established by administering white vinegar and active carbon-ice water.